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1. "Equal Distribution of Capital"
2. "America First"
3. about the Hall–Mills trial and sensationalism
4. "They Speak the Same Language." Polish Anti-Semite and Zionist Yitsḥak Grünbaum: "there are too many Jews in Poland!"
5. about "Law and Order"
6. About the Geneva Conference and "Disarmament"
7. about the capitalist press and "red peril" in the USA
8. about heat and sweating
9. "Yellow Press" portrait
10. "Shanghai, China" on the left
11. "For Democracy and (Ideals?)"
12. about the violence of World War 1 and some extremists moving the world towards another war
13. Two receptions for strikers: after their release (top) and on the picket line (bottom)
14. "The Same Respectable Citizen"
15. Daily nourishment for the spirit
16. about charity/philanthropy
17. \[Henry\] "Ford Clears his Conscience"
18. "A troika: Scab, Politician, Gangster"
19. --
20. 'Justice' in the Southern USA
book [https://www.yiddishbookcenter.org/collections/yiddish-books/spb-nybc213818/gropper-william-di-goldene-medineh](https://www.yiddishbookcenter.org/collections/yiddish-books/spb-nybc213818/gropper-william-di-goldene-medineh)
edit, more detailed translations from r/yiddish commentor: https://www.reddit.com/r/Yiddish/s/L5mnZups6b
It is, but it declined massively over the last hundred years. The holocaust of course is a huge factor. But also immigration to Israel/using Hebrew instead.
And migration to America, the Jewish population of Europe is borderline non existent outside of France and the UK and French Jews aren't even ashkanazi for the most part.
You aren’t harrased using it, the Israeli government banned it in the first decades of its state to force the migrants to use Hebrew and in that way integrate faster
https://www.haaretz.com/jewish/2023-09-07/ty-article-magazine/.premium/when-speaking-yiddish-could-get-you-beaten-up-by-jews-in-tel-aviv/0000018a-6fb5-d9af-a7db-6fbfbd6c0000
There’s definitely accounts of jews being assaulted for speaking yiddish at least
> NEW YORK – The nearly 100-year-old photo features half a dozen young Jewish men all bandaged up. They appear to be victims of a pogrom.
> Except, as the caption reveals, this photo was not taken in Eastern Europe. Nor were the attackers non-Jews.
> In fact, these young men were beaten up in Tel Aviv by fellow Jews. Their crime? Speaking Yiddish in public.
> Published in a Jewish weekly in Warsaw, this black-and-white photo, taken in 1928, is part of an exhibit that opened this week at New York’s YIVO Institute for Jewish Research, dedicated to “Palestinian Yiddish.” That is, Yiddish spoken before 1948 in the territory that encompasses the modern State of Israel.
> A major focus of the exhibit is the outright hostility and disdain shown by many of the early Jewish settlers toward the Yiddish language. In creating a “new Jew” in what they called the Land of Israel (Eretz Israel), these fervent, Hebrew-speaking Zionists were determined to break away from anything that smacked of the Diaspora – first and foremost the language widely spoken by European Jews.
> “Negating the Diaspora was a core part of the ideology of early 20th-century Zionism, and for this reason Yiddish had to be suppressed,” says YIVO academic adviser Eddy Portnoy, who curated the exhibit. “It was almost like a Jewish self-hatred.”
https://www.jpost.com/opinion/op-ed-contributors/when-zionism-feared-yiddish-351939
here's another article that doesn't have a paywall, and you can see the ideological divide between yiddish and hebrew users in the author's own opinions
Yes, but Hasidic Yiddish is a single dialect of Yiddish, and they aren't overwhelmingly involved in secular Yiddish movements.
Hasidic Yiddish uses more Anglicized terminology as well as more Hebrew and Aramaic vocabulary as a result of being driven out of Europe and into America and Israel. There's a number of different pronunciations which can make it difficult for those who learned klal-shprakh (YIVO's Standardized Yiddish) to understand them. Hasidim aren't always willing to chat with someone who speaks YIVO Yiddish, or "learned" Yiddish, both because they prefer to stay separate from the secular world and because there's a lot of creepy Yiddishists who fetishize the language and culture. I don't enjoy speaking my family language of Canadian French to francophiles who took a French duolingo course for a month or two, so I get that.
Litvish, the Lithuanian dialect of Yiddish, was probably hit the hardest by the Nazis. The Holocaust in Lithuania was so thorough that over 95% of Lithuanian Jews were murdered, and the Nazis destroyed the overwhelming majority of writing in both Yiddish and Hebrew. Litvish managed to survive through salvaged works by Litvish writers, as well as some earlier works by non-Lithuanian writers about Litvaks, such as Yitzhak Leib Peretz' "Oyb Nisht Hecher," which features a frum and shver Litvak as a main character. Litvish lives today through Chabad, who teaches and uses a dialect of Yiddish heavily influenced by surviving and restored Litvish works.
Western Yiddish, more influenced by German and Dutch, was already in decline before the Holocaust as Jews got the fuck out of the region, and the Holocaust pretty much erased the dialect from use.
Overall, the native Yiddish-speaking population went from 11 million to about 5 million, and from there, the number declined rapidly as migrants from Europe were forced to assimilate into English, Hebrew, or Russian languages. Today, I believe the estimate is that there are less than 2 million native Yiddish speakers, the majority of them Hasidim who speak Hasidic Yiddish. Other dialects of Yiddish have far, far less native speakers. Iirc, the Western dialect has something like 5000 native speakers who mainly only use the language as a family tongue.
Yevanic, or Judaeo-Greek, did not survive. Prior to WWII, there were between 10-20k speakers throughout Greece, and after the Holocaust, there were a recorded 100. Today, there are less than 50 native speakers - most of them are very old and speak primarily English, Greek, or Hebrew, having forgotten most Yevanic because there are so few people to speak it with.
Yah there's this weird "yiddish = Marxist, Hebrew= capitalism" idea that secular yiddish learners adopt, completely ignoring that they are both just languages used by real people and half the yiddish population lives in Israel.
Well tbf this 1927 grammar rulebook for Yiddish I'm reading does include multiple sample conversations asking people to join a union.
But yeah, basically the majority of the Yiddish speaking survivors of the Holocaust that continued to speak Yiddish were Hasids and Haredi, who are mostly learning Yiddish through Yeshiva, so not a lot of secular influence there.
Not in America, which was the venue for the cartoons. In America all the old people spoke Yiddish. Hasid, Commie, Commie businessman, petit bourgeois, you name it. The dividing line was how modern you were intent on being: if you were all for modern, Yiddish was banned from the house except for the grandmas and grandpas because nobody was going to argue that much with them about it even if it drove the "real modern Americans" up a wall.
This would have been before the Holocaust, when there was actually a pretty vibrant Yiddish community in Niu York - as you mentioned, everybody from the old countries spoke Yiddish.
After the Holocaust, Yiddish rapidly vanishes in America outside of Hasidic communities. A lot of Jews moved to the newly founded Israel where they assimilated into Hebrew, a lot of Jews began to speak exclusively English (I've actually got some American Yiddish books that use weird anglicized Yiddish terms rather than German or Hebrew, in order to help yinglekh learn English), and most depressingly... there just wasn't as much of an audience for Yiddish work, so the authors who continued to write in Yiddish often published first in English, then released the Yiddish original work *after*.
I believe that outside of Israel and New York, the largest Yiddish speaking community is in Australia. These communities teach Yiddish as a historic, religious, *and* political language - iirc one of the main orgs that maintained the language through the 60s and 70s was an Australian Jewish Worker's Bund. It's very interesting, they have large Yiddish festivals where they put on plays in Yiddish, sing Yiddish lider, recite and write Yiddish poetry... it's on my bucket list to visit some day.
Hard for a language to survive when most of its speakers were brutally exterminated and the survivors emigrated to a place where their language wasn't supported.
It's such a shame than one thousand years of culture and civilization literally went to ashes.
It wasn't that the language wasn't supported: there was plenty of support in New York and Montreal and other Jewish centers. Jews intentionally abandoned it, shook off the old world. I don't think you understand what the imperative of doing that and being modern was about. Yiddish was for the old people.
My father is the last in my family to speak Yiddish -- "Jewish" -- fluently. Everyone else is dead. Maybe 20 years ago I said to him he should do something with it. He shook his head and said language has to be lived in, a language isn't a museum. He was right.
You can't read the past through the lens of the present and have sense come out of it. "Supported" -- was is das? This is a late-20th-c/millennial construct. Nobody in the early part of the 20th c, or for that matter just postwar, expected to be "supported" in the contemporary sense.
Yeah, let's just skip over where non-Jews slaughtered millions of Jews.
>one of many shames resting on the head of the Zionist movement
As a Jew, honestly, I'm not too bothered by Hebrew being used instead. Zionism allowed for Jewish survival when non-Jews slaughtered Jews en masse.
Right. It’s Israel’s fault that millions of Yiddish speakers were exterminated. Are we going to go after France or China for not recognising regional languages now too?
You’ve deliberately misunderstood me for no real reason here.
Israel and its approach to the diaspora languages, specifically that they made modern Hebrew mandatory and gave little to no support to Yiddish, Ladino etc. In the wake of the shoah is a shame, and one of the saddest parts of the ethnonationalist project of Zionism. Attitudes towards Yiddish specifically reflected a feeling of contempt for it as a symbol of Jewish weakness and passivity in the face of the shoah.
You’ll notice that I didn’t once blame the shoah in Zionists, which you’ve so vulgarly accused me of, because it was not caused by the Zionist movement, and I’d never say it was. I was strictly talking about the abandonment and denigration of diaspora languages by the Zionist movement.
I didn’t ‘misunderstand you’ I’m just real tired of anything that ever happens in Israel that the speaker disagrees with being a ‘Zionist sin,’ or some similar blather.
A country is not obligated to support every language that might be spoken within its borders, even if they’re the language spoken by populations that country welcomes, and the overwhelming majority do not… Yet Israel not doing so is part of an ethnonationalist zionist scheme, because of course it is.
>I didn’t ‘misunderstand you’ I’m just real tired of anything that ever happens in Israel that the speaker disagrees with being a ‘Zionist sin,’ or some similar blather.
Ok, I generally do agree with the first half of your comment there, but Hebraism is a terrible example. It was totally a state policy and an ideological part of the zionist movement.
>Yet Israel not doing so is part of an ethnonationalist zionist scheme,
I mean, yeah, it literally was...
I was responding to something brought up in the post I replied to: “emigrated to a place their language wasn’t supported”
The loss of the diaspora languages is a tragedy. Language is one of the cores of culture, when we lose languages we lose ways of thinking, we lose cultural history, we lose the ability to engage with the ideas and thoughts of the past in the ways they were communicated. That’s tragic! I fully believe Israel should have done more to support the languages of the diaspora, and that the state supported abandonment of them in favor of modern Hebrew is tragic.
Remember that this subreddit is for sharing propaganda to view with some objectivity. It is absolutely not for perpetuating the message *of* the propaganda. If anything, in this subreddit we should be immensely skeptical of manipulation or oversimplification (which the above likely is), not beholden to it. Also, please try to stay on topic -- there are hundreds of _other_ subreddits that are expressly dedicated to rehashing tired political arguments. **Keep that shit outta here**. *I am a bot, and this action was performed automatically. Please [contact the moderators of this subreddit](/message/compose/?to=/r/PropagandaPosters) if you have any questions or concerns.*
1. "Equal Distribution of Capital" 2. "America First" 3. about the Hall–Mills trial and sensationalism 4. "They Speak the Same Language." Polish Anti-Semite and Zionist Yitsḥak Grünbaum: "there are too many Jews in Poland!" 5. about "Law and Order" 6. About the Geneva Conference and "Disarmament" 7. about the capitalist press and "red peril" in the USA 8. about heat and sweating 9. "Yellow Press" portrait 10. "Shanghai, China" on the left 11. "For Democracy and (Ideals?)" 12. about the violence of World War 1 and some extremists moving the world towards another war 13. Two receptions for strikers: after their release (top) and on the picket line (bottom) 14. "The Same Respectable Citizen" 15. Daily nourishment for the spirit 16. about charity/philanthropy 17. \[Henry\] "Ford Clears his Conscience" 18. "A troika: Scab, Politician, Gangster" 19. -- 20. 'Justice' in the Southern USA book [https://www.yiddishbookcenter.org/collections/yiddish-books/spb-nybc213818/gropper-william-di-goldene-medineh](https://www.yiddishbookcenter.org/collections/yiddish-books/spb-nybc213818/gropper-william-di-goldene-medineh) edit, more detailed translations from r/yiddish commentor: https://www.reddit.com/r/Yiddish/s/L5mnZups6b
I really like the style here
Reminds me of the Good Soldier Švejk
In some ways it reminds me of Jose Guadalupe Posada (the one on Espalon Tequila labels)
I love his stuff!
Fascinating Interwar period stuff, love it
Great art, sad to see that Yiddish is dying out now.
it’s alive and well in hasidic communities, isn’t it?
It is, but it declined massively over the last hundred years. The holocaust of course is a huge factor. But also immigration to Israel/using Hebrew instead.
And migration to America, the Jewish population of Europe is borderline non existent outside of France and the UK and French Jews aren't even ashkanazi for the most part.
Yep
The state of israel banned the usage of yiddish for several decades and you could be harassed for using it, pretty crazy stuff
You aren’t harrased using it, the Israeli government banned it in the first decades of its state to force the migrants to use Hebrew and in that way integrate faster
https://www.haaretz.com/jewish/2023-09-07/ty-article-magazine/.premium/when-speaking-yiddish-could-get-you-beaten-up-by-jews-in-tel-aviv/0000018a-6fb5-d9af-a7db-6fbfbd6c0000 There’s definitely accounts of jews being assaulted for speaking yiddish at least
Did you read the article?
Yes
So you have Haaretz premium?
> NEW YORK – The nearly 100-year-old photo features half a dozen young Jewish men all bandaged up. They appear to be victims of a pogrom. > Except, as the caption reveals, this photo was not taken in Eastern Europe. Nor were the attackers non-Jews. > In fact, these young men were beaten up in Tel Aviv by fellow Jews. Their crime? Speaking Yiddish in public. > Published in a Jewish weekly in Warsaw, this black-and-white photo, taken in 1928, is part of an exhibit that opened this week at New York’s YIVO Institute for Jewish Research, dedicated to “Palestinian Yiddish.” That is, Yiddish spoken before 1948 in the territory that encompasses the modern State of Israel. > A major focus of the exhibit is the outright hostility and disdain shown by many of the early Jewish settlers toward the Yiddish language. In creating a “new Jew” in what they called the Land of Israel (Eretz Israel), these fervent, Hebrew-speaking Zionists were determined to break away from anything that smacked of the Diaspora – first and foremost the language widely spoken by European Jews. > “Negating the Diaspora was a core part of the ideology of early 20th-century Zionism, and for this reason Yiddish had to be suppressed,” says YIVO academic adviser Eddy Portnoy, who curated the exhibit. “It was almost like a Jewish self-hatred.”
https://www.jpost.com/opinion/op-ed-contributors/when-zionism-feared-yiddish-351939 here's another article that doesn't have a paywall, and you can see the ideological divide between yiddish and hebrew users in the author's own opinions
And non-Jews slaughtered Jews like a bunch of animals for no reason for speaking it and still attack Jews for it, pretty crazy stuff
Yes, but Hasidic Yiddish is a single dialect of Yiddish, and they aren't overwhelmingly involved in secular Yiddish movements. Hasidic Yiddish uses more Anglicized terminology as well as more Hebrew and Aramaic vocabulary as a result of being driven out of Europe and into America and Israel. There's a number of different pronunciations which can make it difficult for those who learned klal-shprakh (YIVO's Standardized Yiddish) to understand them. Hasidim aren't always willing to chat with someone who speaks YIVO Yiddish, or "learned" Yiddish, both because they prefer to stay separate from the secular world and because there's a lot of creepy Yiddishists who fetishize the language and culture. I don't enjoy speaking my family language of Canadian French to francophiles who took a French duolingo course for a month or two, so I get that. Litvish, the Lithuanian dialect of Yiddish, was probably hit the hardest by the Nazis. The Holocaust in Lithuania was so thorough that over 95% of Lithuanian Jews were murdered, and the Nazis destroyed the overwhelming majority of writing in both Yiddish and Hebrew. Litvish managed to survive through salvaged works by Litvish writers, as well as some earlier works by non-Lithuanian writers about Litvaks, such as Yitzhak Leib Peretz' "Oyb Nisht Hecher," which features a frum and shver Litvak as a main character. Litvish lives today through Chabad, who teaches and uses a dialect of Yiddish heavily influenced by surviving and restored Litvish works. Western Yiddish, more influenced by German and Dutch, was already in decline before the Holocaust as Jews got the fuck out of the region, and the Holocaust pretty much erased the dialect from use. Overall, the native Yiddish-speaking population went from 11 million to about 5 million, and from there, the number declined rapidly as migrants from Europe were forced to assimilate into English, Hebrew, or Russian languages. Today, I believe the estimate is that there are less than 2 million native Yiddish speakers, the majority of them Hasidim who speak Hasidic Yiddish. Other dialects of Yiddish have far, far less native speakers. Iirc, the Western dialect has something like 5000 native speakers who mainly only use the language as a family tongue. Yevanic, or Judaeo-Greek, did not survive. Prior to WWII, there were between 10-20k speakers throughout Greece, and after the Holocaust, there were a recorded 100. Today, there are less than 50 native speakers - most of them are very old and speak primarily English, Greek, or Hebrew, having forgotten most Yevanic because there are so few people to speak it with.
Yah there's this weird "yiddish = Marxist, Hebrew= capitalism" idea that secular yiddish learners adopt, completely ignoring that they are both just languages used by real people and half the yiddish population lives in Israel.
Well tbf this 1927 grammar rulebook for Yiddish I'm reading does include multiple sample conversations asking people to join a union. But yeah, basically the majority of the Yiddish speaking survivors of the Holocaust that continued to speak Yiddish were Hasids and Haredi, who are mostly learning Yiddish through Yeshiva, so not a lot of secular influence there.
Not in America, which was the venue for the cartoons. In America all the old people spoke Yiddish. Hasid, Commie, Commie businessman, petit bourgeois, you name it. The dividing line was how modern you were intent on being: if you were all for modern, Yiddish was banned from the house except for the grandmas and grandpas because nobody was going to argue that much with them about it even if it drove the "real modern Americans" up a wall.
This would have been before the Holocaust, when there was actually a pretty vibrant Yiddish community in Niu York - as you mentioned, everybody from the old countries spoke Yiddish. After the Holocaust, Yiddish rapidly vanishes in America outside of Hasidic communities. A lot of Jews moved to the newly founded Israel where they assimilated into Hebrew, a lot of Jews began to speak exclusively English (I've actually got some American Yiddish books that use weird anglicized Yiddish terms rather than German or Hebrew, in order to help yinglekh learn English), and most depressingly... there just wasn't as much of an audience for Yiddish work, so the authors who continued to write in Yiddish often published first in English, then released the Yiddish original work *after*. I believe that outside of Israel and New York, the largest Yiddish speaking community is in Australia. These communities teach Yiddish as a historic, religious, *and* political language - iirc one of the main orgs that maintained the language through the 60s and 70s was an Australian Jewish Worker's Bund. It's very interesting, they have large Yiddish festivals where they put on plays in Yiddish, sing Yiddish lider, recite and write Yiddish poetry... it's on my bucket list to visit some day.
Hard for a language to survive when most of its speakers were brutally exterminated and the survivors emigrated to a place where their language wasn't supported. It's such a shame than one thousand years of culture and civilization literally went to ashes.
It indeed is a shame, but a death language was revived out of it. Hebrew.
It wasn't that the language wasn't supported: there was plenty of support in New York and Montreal and other Jewish centers. Jews intentionally abandoned it, shook off the old world. I don't think you understand what the imperative of doing that and being modern was about. Yiddish was for the old people. My father is the last in my family to speak Yiddish -- "Jewish" -- fluently. Everyone else is dead. Maybe 20 years ago I said to him he should do something with it. He shook his head and said language has to be lived in, a language isn't a museum. He was right. You can't read the past through the lens of the present and have sense come out of it. "Supported" -- was is das? This is a late-20th-c/millennial construct. Nobody in the early part of the 20th c, or for that matter just postwar, expected to be "supported" in the contemporary sense.
Yeah honestly the Israeli treatment of the diaspora languages is one of many shames resting on the head of the Zionist movement
Yeah, let's just skip over where non-Jews slaughtered millions of Jews. >one of many shames resting on the head of the Zionist movement As a Jew, honestly, I'm not too bothered by Hebrew being used instead. Zionism allowed for Jewish survival when non-Jews slaughtered Jews en masse.
Right. It’s Israel’s fault that millions of Yiddish speakers were exterminated. Are we going to go after France or China for not recognising regional languages now too?
You’ve deliberately misunderstood me for no real reason here. Israel and its approach to the diaspora languages, specifically that they made modern Hebrew mandatory and gave little to no support to Yiddish, Ladino etc. In the wake of the shoah is a shame, and one of the saddest parts of the ethnonationalist project of Zionism. Attitudes towards Yiddish specifically reflected a feeling of contempt for it as a symbol of Jewish weakness and passivity in the face of the shoah. You’ll notice that I didn’t once blame the shoah in Zionists, which you’ve so vulgarly accused me of, because it was not caused by the Zionist movement, and I’d never say it was. I was strictly talking about the abandonment and denigration of diaspora languages by the Zionist movement.
I didn’t ‘misunderstand you’ I’m just real tired of anything that ever happens in Israel that the speaker disagrees with being a ‘Zionist sin,’ or some similar blather. A country is not obligated to support every language that might be spoken within its borders, even if they’re the language spoken by populations that country welcomes, and the overwhelming majority do not… Yet Israel not doing so is part of an ethnonationalist zionist scheme, because of course it is.
>I didn’t ‘misunderstand you’ I’m just real tired of anything that ever happens in Israel that the speaker disagrees with being a ‘Zionist sin,’ or some similar blather. Ok, I generally do agree with the first half of your comment there, but Hebraism is a terrible example. It was totally a state policy and an ideological part of the zionist movement. >Yet Israel not doing so is part of an ethnonationalist zionist scheme, I mean, yeah, it literally was...
You took a comment about Jews being slaughtered and used it as a springboard to whine about Jewish Zionists. Basically.
I was responding to something brought up in the post I replied to: “emigrated to a place their language wasn’t supported” The loss of the diaspora languages is a tragedy. Language is one of the cores of culture, when we lose languages we lose ways of thinking, we lose cultural history, we lose the ability to engage with the ideas and thoughts of the past in the ways they were communicated. That’s tragic! I fully believe Israel should have done more to support the languages of the diaspora, and that the state supported abandonment of them in favor of modern Hebrew is tragic.
It's literally growing.
Looks like the fellow was a straight-up Red.